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Linux²Ù×÷ϵͳÊÇÒ»¸ö¿ªÔ´µÄ²Ù×÷ϵͳ £¬¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ê¢µÄ¶àʹÃü´¦Öóͷ£ÄÜÁ¦¡£ÔÚLinuxϵͳÖÐ £¬Àú³ÌµÄµ÷ÀíÊǺÜÊÇÖ÷ÒªµÄ £¬ËüÓ°Ïì×ÅϵͳµÄÐÔÄܺÍÏìÓ¦ËÙÂÊ¡£ÎªÁ˸üºÃµØ¾ÙÐÐÀú³Ìµ÷Àí £¬LinuxϵͳʵÏÖÁËÀú³ÌÓÅÏȼ¶µ÷Àí»úÖÆ¡£

1. Àú³ÌÓÅÏȼ¶

ÔÚLinuxϵͳÖÐ £¬Ã¿¸öÀú³Ì¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸öÓÅÏȼ¶ £¬ÓÃÀ´¾öÒéÀú³ÌÔÚϵͳÖеĵ÷Àí˳Ðò¡£ÓÅÏȼ¶µÄÈ¡Öµ¹æģͨ³£ÊÇ0~139 £¬ÆäÖÐ0´ú±í×î¸ßÓÅÏȼ¶ £¬139´ú±í×îµÍÓÅÏȼ¶¡£Àú³ÌµÄÓÅÏȼ¶¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýniceÖµÀ´ÉèÖà £¬niceÖµµÄ¹æÄ£ÊÇ-20~19 £¬ÖµÔ½Ð¡ÌåÏÖÓÅÏȼ¶Ô½¸ß¡£

2. Àú³Ìµ÷ÀíÕ½ÂÔ

Linuxϵͳ½ÓÄÉÁ˶àÖÖ²î±ðµÄÀú³Ìµ÷ÀíÕ½ÂÔ £¬³£¼ûµÄÓÐÁ½ÖÖ£ºÊµÊ±µ÷ÀíÕ½ÂԺͷÇʵʱµ÷ÀíÕ½ÂÔ¡£ÊµÊ±µ÷ÀíÕ½ÂÔ°üÀ¨FIFOµ÷ÀíºÍRound-Robinµ÷Àí £¬·Çʵʱµ÷ÀíÕ½ÂÔ°üÀ¨¹«Õýµ÷ÀíºÍ¾ßÓÐÓÅÏȼ¶µÄµ÷Àí¡£

3. Àú³Ìµ÷ÀíʵÏÖ

LinuxϵͳÖÐʹÓÃCFS£¨Completely Fair Scheduler£©µ÷ÀíÆ÷À´¾ÙÐÐÀú³ÌµÄµ÷Àí¡£CFSµ÷ÀíÆ÷ƾ֤Àú³ÌµÄÓÅÏȼ¶ºÍVRuntime£¨ÐéÄâÔËÐÐʱ¼ä£©À´¾öÒéÏÂÒ»¸öÒªÔËÐеÄÀú³Ì¡£¾ßÓиüСVRuntimeµÄÀú³Ì½«±»ÓÅÏÈÑ¡ÖоÙÐе÷Àí¡£

4. ´úÂëʾÀý

ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»¸ö¼òÆÓµÄC³ÌÐòʾÀý £¬Õ¹Ê¾ÁËÔõÑù½¨ÉèÒ»¸öеÄÀú³Ì²¢ÉèÖÃÆäÓÅÏȼ¶£º

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main() {
    pid_t pid;
    int nice_val = 0;

    pid = fork();

    if (pid < 0) {
        perror("fork failed");
        exit(1);
    } else if (pid == 0) {
        nice_val = 5;
        printf("Child process nice value before set: %d
", nice_val);
        nice(nice_val);
        printf("Child process nice value after set: %d
", nice_val);
        printf("Child process pid: %d
", getpid());
    } else {
        nice_val = 10;
        printf("Parent process nice value before set: %d
", nice_val);
        nice(nice_val);
        printf("Parent process nice value after set: %d
", nice_val);
        printf("Parent process pid: %d
", getpid());
    }

    return 0;
}

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