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vmstat 2
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----
 r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st
 1  0      0 1379064 282244 11537528    0    0     3   104    0    0  3  0 97  0  0
 0  0      0 1372716 282244 11537544    0    0     0    24 4893 8947  1  0 98  0  0
 0  0      0 1373404 282248 11537544    0    0     0    96 5105 9278  2  0 98  0  0
 0  0      0 1374168 282248 11537556    0    0     0     0 5001 9208  1  0 99  0  0
 0  0      0 1376948 282248 11537564    0    0     0    80 5176 9388  2  0 98  0  0
 0  0      0 1379356 282256 11537580    0    0     0   202 5474 9519  2  0 98  0  0
 1  0      0 1368376 282256 11543696    0    0     0     0 5894 8940 12  0 88  0  0
 1  0      0 1371936 282256 11539240    0    0     0 10554 6176 9481 14  1 85  1  0
 1  0      0 1366184 282260 11542292    0    0     0  7456 6102 9983  7  1 91  0  0
 1  0      0 1353040 282260 11556176    0    0     0 16924 7233 9578 18  1 80  1  0
 0  0      0 1359432 282260 11549124    0    0     0 12576 5495 9271  7  0 92  1  0
 0  0      0 1361744 282264 11549132    0    0     0    58 8606 15079  4  2 95  0  0
 1  0      0 1367120 282264 11549140    0    0     0     2 5716 9205  8  0 92  0  0
 0  0      0 1346580 282264 11562644    0    0     0    70 6416 9944 12  0 88  0  0
 0  0      0 1359164 282264 11550108    0    0     0  2922 4941 8969  3  0 97  0  0
 1  0      0 1353992 282264 11557044    0    0     0     0 6023 8917 15  0 84  0  0

# Ч¹û˵Ã÷
- r ÌåÏÖÔËÐÐÐÐÁÐ(¾ÍÊÇ˵¼¸¶à¸öÀú³ÌÕæµÄ·ÖÅɵ½CPU)£¬ÎÒ²âÊÔµÄЧÀÍÆ÷ÏÖÔÚCPU½ÏÁ¿¿ÕÏУ¬Ã»Ê²Ã´³ÌÐòÔÚÅÜ£¬µ±Õâ¸öÖµÁè¼ÝÁËCPUÊýÄ¿£¬¾Í»á·ºÆðCPUÆ¿¾±ÁË¡£Õâ¸öÒ²ºÍtopµÄ¸ºÔØÓйØϵ£¬Ò»Ñùƽ³£¸ºÔØÁè¼ÝÁË3¾Í½ÏÁ¿¸ß£¬Áè¼ÝÁË5¾Í¸ß£¬Áè¼ÝÁË10¾Í²»Õý³£ÁË£¬Ð§ÀÍÆ÷µÄ״̬ºÜΣÏÕ¡£topµÄ¸ºÔØÀàËÆÿÃëµÄÔËÐÐÐÐÁС£ÈôÊÇÔËÐÐÐÐÁйý´ó£¬ÌåÏÖÄãµÄCPUºÜæµ£¬Ò»Ñùƽ³£»áÔì³ÉCPUʹÓÃÂʺܸß¡£

- b ÌåÏÖÛÕ±ÕµÄÀú³Ì,Õâ¸öδ¼¸Ëµ£¬Àú³ÌÛÕ±Õ£¬¸÷È˶®µÄ¡£

- swpd ÐéÄâÄÚ´æÒÑʹÓõľÞϸ£¬ÈôÊÇ´óÓÚ0£¬ÌåÏÖÄãµÄ»úеÎïÀíÄÚ´æȱ·¦ÁË£¬ÈôÊDz»ÊdzÌÐòÄÚ´æ鶵ÄÔµ¹ÊÔ­ÓÉ£¬ÄÇôÄã¸ÃÉý¼¶ÄÚ´æÁË»òÕ߰ѺÄÄÚ´æµÄʹÃüǨáãµ½ÆäËû»úе¡£

- free   ¿ÕÏеÄÎïÀíÄÚ´æµÄ¾Þϸ£¬ÎҵĻúеÄÚ´æ×ܹ²8G£¬Ê£Óà3415M¡£

- buff   Linux/UnixϵͳÊÇÓÃÀ´´æ´¢£¬Ä¿Â¼ÄÚÀïÓÐʲôÄÚÈÝ£¬È¨Ï޵ȵĻº´æ£¬ÎÒ±¾»ú»òÐíÕ¼ÓÃ300¶àM

- cache cacheÖ±½ÓÓÃÀ´Ó°ÏóÎÒÃÇ·­¿ªµÄÎļþ,¸øÎļþ×ö»º³å£¬ÎÒ±¾»ú»òÐíÕ¼ÓÃ300¶àM(ÕâÀïÊÇLinux/UnixµÄÖÇ»ÛÖ®´¦£¬°Ñ¿ÕÏеÄÎïÀíÄÚ´æµÄÒ»²¿·ÖÄÃÀ´×öÎļþºÍĿ¼µÄ»º´æ£¬ÊÇΪÁËÌá¸ß ³ÌÐòÖ´ÐеÄÐÔÄÜ£¬µ±³ÌÐòʹÓÃÄÚ´æʱ£¬buffer/cached»áºÜ¿ìµØ±»Ê¹Óá£)

- si  ÿÃë´Ó´ÅÅ̶ÁÈëÐéÄâÄÚ´æµÄ¾Þϸ£¬ÈôÊÇÕâ¸öÖµ´óÓÚ0£¬ÌåÏÖÎïÀíÄÚ´æ²»·óÓûòÕßÄÚ´æй¶ÁË£¬Òª²éÕÒºÄÄÚ´æÀú³Ì½â¾öµô¡£ÎҵĻúеÄÚ´æ³äÔ££¬Ò»ÇÐÕý³£¡£

- so  ÿÃëÐéÄâÄÚ´æдÈë´ÅÅ̵ľÞϸ£¬ÈôÊÇÕâ¸öÖµ´óÓÚ0£¬Í¬ÉÏ¡£

- bi  ¿é×°±¸Ã¿ÃëÎüÊյĿéÊýÄ¿£¬ÕâÀïµÄ¿é×°±¸ÊÇָϵͳÉÏËùÓеĴÅÅ̺ÍÆäËû¿é×°±¸£¬Ä¬ÈÏ¿é¾ÞϸÊÇ1024byte£¬ÎÒ±¾»úÉÏûʲôIO²Ù×÷£¬ÒÔÊÇÒ»Ö±ÊÇ0£¬¿ÉÊÇÎÒÔøÔÚ´¦Öóͷ£¿½±´´ó×ÚÊý¾Ý(2-3T)µÄ»úеÉÏ¿´¹ý¿ÉÒÔµÖ´ï140000/s£¬´ÅÅÌдÈëËÙÂʲîδ¼¸140MÿÃë

- bo ¿é×°±¸Ã¿Ãë·¢Ë͵ĿéÊýÄ¿£¬ÀýÈçÎÒÃǶÁÈ¡Îļþ£¬bo¾ÍÒª´óÓÚ0¡£biºÍboÒ»Ñùƽ³£¶¼Òª¿¿½ü0£¬²»È»¾ÍÊÇIO¹ýÓÚƵÈÔ£¬ÐèÒªµ÷½â¡£

- in ÿÃëCPUµÄÖÐÖ¹´ÎÊý£¬°üÀ¨Ê±¼äÖÐÖ¹

- cs ÿÃëÉÏÏÂÎÄÇл»´ÎÊý£¬ÀýÈçÎÒÃÇŲÓÃϵͳº¯Êý£¬¾ÍÒª¾ÙÐÐÉÏÏÂÎÄÇл»£¬Ï̵߳ÄÇл»£¬Ò²ÒªÀú³ÌÉÏÏÂÎÄÇл»£¬Õâ¸öֵҪԽСԽºÃ£¬Ì«´óÁË£¬ÒªË¼Á¿µ÷µÍÏ̻߳òÕßÀú³ÌµÄÊýÄ¿,ÀýÈçÔÚapacheºÍnginxÕâÖÖwebЧÀÍÆ÷ÖУ¬ÎÒÃÇÒ»Ñùƽ³£×öÐÔÄܲâÊÔʱ»á¾ÙÐм¸Ç§²¢·¢ÉõÖÁ¼¸Íò²¢·¢µÄ²âÊÔ£¬Ñ¡ÔñwebЧÀÍÆ÷µÄÀú³Ì¿ÉÒÔÓÉÀú³Ì»òÕßÏ̵߳ķåֵһֱϵ÷£¬Ñ¹²â£¬Ö±µ½csµ½Ò»¸ö½ÏÁ¿Ð¡µÄÖµ£¬Õâ¸öÀú³ÌºÍÏß³ÌÊý¾ÍÊǽÏÁ¿ºÏÊʵÄÖµÁË¡£ÏµÍ³Å²ÓÃÒ²ÊÇ£¬Ã¿´ÎŲÓÃϵͳº¯Êý£¬×ðÁú¿­Ê±´úÂë¾Í»á½øÈëÄں˿ռ䣬µ¼ÖÂÉÏÏÂÎÄÇл»£¬Õâ¸öÊǺܺÄ×ÊÔ´£¬Ò²ÒªÖ»¹Ü×èֹƵÈÔŲÓÃϵͳº¯Êý¡£ÉÏÏÂÎÄÇл»´ÎÊý¹ý¶àÌåÏÖÄãµÄCPU´ó²¿·ÖÆÌÕÅÔÚÉÏÏÂÎÄÇл»£¬µ¼ÖÂCPU¸ÉÕý¾­ÊµÄʱ¼äÉÙÁË£¬CPUûÓгä·ÖʹÓã¬ÊDz»¿ÉÈ¡µÄ¡£

- us Óû§CPUʱ¼ä£¬ÎÒÒ»¾­ÔÚÒ»¸ö×ö¼ÓÃܽâÃܺÜƵÈÔµÄЧÀÍÆ÷ÉÏ£¬¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½us¿¿½ü100,rÔËÐÐÐÐÁеִï80(»úеÔÚ×öѹÁ¦²âÊÔ£¬ÐÔÄÜÌåÏÖ²»¼Ñ)¡£

- sy ϵͳCPUʱ¼ä£¬ÈôÊÇÌ«¸ß£¬ÌåÏÖϵͳŲÓÃʱ¼ä³¤£¬ÀýÈçÊÇIO²Ù×÷ƵÈÔ¡£

- id ¿ÕÏÐCPUʱ¼ä£¬Ò»Ñùƽ³£À´Ëµ£¬id + us + sy = 100,Ò»Ñùƽ³£ÎÒÒÔΪidÊÇ¿ÕÏÐCPUʹÓÃÂÊ£¬usÊÇÓû§CPUʹÓÃÂÊ£¬syÊÇϵͳCPUʹÓÃÂÊ¡£

- wt ÆÚ´ýIO CPUʱ¼ä

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pidstat ʹÓÃÏê½â

pidstatÖ÷ÒªÓÃÓÚ¼à¿ØËùÓлòÖ¸¶¨Àú³ÌÕ¼ÓÃϵͳ×ÊÔ´µÄÇéÐÎ,ÈçCPU,ÄÚ´æ¡¢×°±¸IO¡¢Ê¹ÃüÇл»¡¢Ï̵߳È¡£

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pidstat ¨Cd interval times ͳ¼Æ¸÷¸öÀú³ÌµÄIOʹÓÃÇéÐÎ

pidstat ¨Cu interval times ͳ¼Æ¸÷¸öÀú³ÌµÄCPUͳ¼ÆÐÅÏ¢

pidstat ¨Cr interval times ͳ¼Æ¸÷¸öÀú³ÌµÄÄÚ´æʹÓÃÐÅÏ¢

pidstat -w interval times ͳ¼Æ¸÷¸öÀú³ÌµÄÉÏÏÂÎÄÇл»

p PID Ö¸¶¨PID

1¡¢Í³¼ÆIOʹÓÃÇéÐÎ

pidstat -d 1 10

03:02:02 PM   UID       PID   kB_rd/s   kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s  Command
03:02:03 PM     0       816      0.00    918.81      0.00  jbd2/vda1-8
03:02:03 PM     0      1007      0.00      3.96      0.00  AliYunDun
03:02:03 PM   997      7326      0.00   1904.95    918.81  java
03:02:03 PM   997      8539      0.00      3.96      0.00  java
03:02:03 PM     0     16066      0.00     35.64      0.00  cmagent

03:02:03 PM   UID       PID   kB_rd/s   kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s  Command
03:02:04 PM     0       816      0.00   1924.00      0.00  jbd2/vda1-8
03:02:04 PM   997      7326      0.00  11156.00   1888.00  java
03:02:04 PM   997      8539      0.00      4.00      0.00  java

µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ

UID

PID

kB_rd/s: ÿÃëÀú³Ì´Ó´ÅÅ̶ÁÈ¡µÄÊý¾ÝÁ¿ KB µ¥Î» read from disk each second KB

kB_wr/s: ÿÃëÀú³ÌÏò´ÅÅÌдµÄÊý¾ÝÁ¿ KB µ¥Î» write to disk each second KB

kB_ccwr/s: ÿÃëÀú³ÌÏò´ÅÅÌдÈ룬¿ÉÊDZ»×÷·ÏµÄÊý¾ÝÁ¿£¬This may occur when the task truncates some dirty pagecache.

iodelay: Block I/O delay, measured in clock ticks

Command: Àú³ÌÃû task name

2¡¢Í³¼ÆCPUʹÓÃÇéÐÎ

# ͳ¼ÆCPU
pidstat -u 1 10
03:03:33 PM   UID       PID    %usr %system  %guest    %CPU   CPU  Command
03:03:34 PM     0      2321    3.96    0.00    0.00    3.96     0  ansible
03:03:34 PM     0      7110    0.00    0.99    0.00    0.99     4  pidstat
03:03:34 PM   997      8539    0.99    0.00    0.00    0.99     5  java
03:03:34 PM   984     15517    0.99    0.00    0.00    0.99     5  java
03:03:34 PM     0     24406    0.99    0.00    0.00    0.99     5  java
03:03:34 PM     0     32158    3.96    0.00    0.00    3.96     2  ansible

µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ

UID

PID

%usr: Àú³ÌÔÚÓû§¿Õ¼äÕ¼Óà cpu µÄ°Ù·Ö±È

%system: Àú³ÌÔÚÄں˿ռäÕ¼Óà CPU °Ù·Ö±È

%guest: Àú³ÌÔÚÐéÄâ»úÕ¼Óà CPU °Ù·Ö±È

%wait: Àú³ÌÆÚ´ýÔËÐеİٷֱÈ

%CPU: Àú³ÌÕ¼Óà CPU °Ù·Ö±È

CPU: ´¦Öóͷ£Àú³ÌµÄ CPU ±àºÅ

Command: Àú³ÌÃû

3¡¢Í³¼ÆÄÚ´æʹÓÃÇéÐÎ

# ͳ¼ÆÄÚ´æ
pidstat -r 1 10
Average:      UID       PID  minflt/s  majflt/s     VSZ    RSS   %MEM  Command
Average:        0         1      0.20      0.00  191256   3064   0.01  systemd
Average:        0      1007      1.30      0.00  143256  22720   0.07  AliYunDun
Average:        0      6642      0.10      0.00 6301904 107680   0.33  java
Average:      997      7326     10.89      0.00 13468904 8395848  26.04  java
Average:        0      7795    348.15      0.00  108376   1233   0.00  pidstat
Average:      997      8539      0.50      0.00 8242256 2062228   6.40  java
Average:      987      9518      0.20      0.00 6300944 1242924   3.85  java
Average:        0     10280      3.70      0.00  807372   8344   0.03  aliyun-service
Average:      984     15517      0.40      0.00 6386464 1464572   4.54  java
Average:        0     16066    236.46      0.00 2678332  71020   0.22  cmagent
Average:      995     20955      0.30      0.00 6312520 1408040   4.37  java
Average:      995     20956      0.20      0.00 6093764 1505028   4.67  java
Average:        0     23936      0.10      0.00 5302416 110804   0.34  java
Average:        0     24406      0.70      0.00 10211672 2361304   7.32  java
Average:        0     26870      1.40      0.00 1470212  36084   0.11  promtail

µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ

UID

PID

Minflt/s : ÿÃë´Îȱҳ¹ýʧ´ÎÊý £¨minor page faults£©£¬ÐéÄâÄÚ´æµØµãÓ³Éä³ÉÎïÀíÄÚ´æµØµã±¬·¢µÄ page fault ´ÎÊý

Majflt/s : ÿÃëÖ÷ȱҳ¹ýʧ´ÎÊý (major page faults), ÐéÄâÄÚ´æµØµãÓ³Éä³ÉÎïÀíÄÚ´æµØµãʱ£¬ÏìÓ¦ page ÔÚ swap ÖÐ

VSZ virtual memory usage : ¸ÃÀú³ÌʹÓõÄÐéÄâÄÚ´æ KB µ¥Î»

RSS : ¸ÃÀú³ÌʹÓõÄÎïÀíÄÚ´æ KB µ¥Î»

%MEM : ÄÚ´æʹÓÃÂÊ

Command : ¸ÃÀú³ÌµÄÏÂÁî task name

4¡¢Éó²éÏêϸÀú³ÌʹÓÃÇéÐÎ

pidstat -T ALL -r -p 20955 1 10
03:12:16 PM   UID       PID  minflt/s  majflt/s     VSZ    RSS   %MEM  Command
03:12:17 PM   995     20955      0.00      0.00 6312520 1408040   4.37  java

03:12:16 PM   UID       PID minflt-nr majflt-nr  Command
03:12:17 PM   995     20955         0         0  java

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